As Mark Carney prepares to take over as Canada’s Prime Minister, he has signaled a desire to “rebuild” ties with India, which deteriorated sharply under Justin Trudeau. His focus on diversifying Canada’s trade partnerships presents an opportunity for a fresh start, but words alone won’t be enough. Concrete steps are needed to restore trust. A key challenge remains Canada’s handling of pro-Khalistan elements. Trudeau’s accusation against India in the Hardeep Singh Nijjar case led to a full-blown diplomatic standoff in 2023. It was marked by expelled diplomats and stalled trade talks. Carney must take visible action against anti-India activities on Canadian soil and ensure that the activists do not exploit Canada’s democratic space to spread separatist propaganda. A stronger security partnership with India, particularly on counterterrorism, could go a long way in restoring confidence.
For the Indian diaspora, Carney’s government should address concerns over student visa restrictions and post-study work permits. India is Canada’s largest source of international students. Safeguarding a stable, welcoming environment for them could help mend relations at a grassroots level. Engaging more actively with the Indo-Canadian community could foster a more balanced approach. On the economic front, Carney’s experience as a central banker gives him the tools to mend the roadblocks in bilateral trade. His recent statements about diversifying Canada’s trade relationships with “like-minded” nations, including India, give hope for a policy shift. Reviving the stalled Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) negotiations should be high on his agenda. Encouraging greater investment from Indian businesses and expanding cooperation in sectors like renewable energy, technology and infrastructure would further strengthen economic ties.
A thaw in relations is possible, but Carney faces the challenge of balancing domestic political compulsions with foreign policy pragmatism. This balance will ultimately shape the trajectory of India-Canada relations.
(Tribune, India)
International Women’s Day (IWD), celebrated on March 8, has served as a global platform for advocating gender equality, recognizing women’s achievements, and addressing challenges they face worldwide. Proposed in 1910 by Clara Zetkin, IWD aimed to promote women’s suffrage, labor rights, and gender equality. Over time, it has become a significant occasion for social activism, policy change, and celebrating progress, but the question remains whether its objectives have been fully achieved.
The key objectives of IWD include advocating for gender equality, recognizing women’s contributions, mobilizing for change, and empowering women across social, economic, and political spheres.
As we prepare to celebrate the day, it would be interesting to consider the level of progress in achieving these objectives.
Gender Equality: While strides have been made in education, where the gender gap in primary education is nearly closed globally, significant disparities persist. The World Economic Forum’s 2020 Global Gender Gap Report predicts it will take about 135 years to close the gender gap in economic participation, health, education, and political empowerment. In regions like sub-Saharan Africa, girls face barriers like child marriage, preventing equal access to education.
Recognition of Women’s Achievements: Women’s contributions have gained recognition, but they remain underrepresented in leadership roles. For example, women held just 29% of senior management positions globally in 2020. Women also occupy only 26.1% of seats in national parliaments, according to the Global Gender Gap Report.
Mobilization for Change: IWD has inspired movements like #MeToo, advocating for equal rights and safety. However, progress has been slow, and laws addressing domestic violence and sexual harassment are often poorly enforced. According to the World Health Organization, one in three women has experienced physical or sexual violence globally.
Empowerment of Women: Economic empowerment has improved, but challenges remain, including a global gender pay gap of 20%. Women continue to face barriers to career advancement due to biases, caregiving responsibilities, and workplace discrimination.
While International Women’s Day has contributed to progress, gender equality is far from achieved, and continued efforts for policy change and societal transformation are necessary.
The 1984 anti-Sikh riots remain one of the darkest stains on India’s history. The fact that it took 34 years to convict a single leader and that many others died without facing trial is a testament to the failures of the justice system. While the sentencing of Sajjan Kumar provided a small measure of justice, it came far too late for many victims.
The assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi on October 31, 1984, by her Sikh bodyguards, Beant Singh and Satwant Singh, set off a horrific chain of events that led to one of the darkest chapters in India’s post-independence history. In the days following her killing, a pogrom was unleashed against the Sikh community in Delhi and other parts of India. Mobs, reportedly orchestrated and incited by political leaders, targeted Sikh homes, businesses, and gurudwaras. More than 3,000 Sikhs were brutally murdered, and thousands more were displaced. The violence, marked by extreme brutality, was widely seen as a state-sponsored massacre.
Despite the scale and nature of the violence, justice remained elusive for the victims and their families for decades. Successive governments failed to take decisive action, and many of those accused, including prominent political leaders, continued to hold positions of power. One such figure was Sajjan Kumar, a senior leader of the Congress Party, who was finally sentenced to life imprisonment in 2018—34 years after the pogrom, and he remained behind bars as the legal system slowly caught up with those responsible. His sentencing was a momentous but long-overdue step, illustrating the maxim that “justice delayed is justice denied.”
The anti-Sikh riots that erupted in Delhi and other parts of India from November 1-4, 1984, were not spontaneous acts of mob violence. They were widely believed to be organized, with Congress Party leaders allegedly directing the rioters and police standing by as Sikhs were killed. Eyewitnesses testified that the mobs were armed with voter lists to identify Sikh households. The rioters used petrol, kerosene, and tires to burn Sikh men alive, while women were assaulted and children killed mercilessly.
The violence was most pronounced in Delhi, where over 2,700 Sikhs were killed. Other affected areas included Kanpur, Bokaro, and other parts of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, and Bihar. The police were accused of being complicit, either refusing to register complaints or actively supporting the rioters. The central government, led by Rajiv Gandhi, failed to intervene effectively, with the infamous justification that “when a big tree falls, the earth shakes.”
Over the years, multiple commissions and committees were formed to investigate the 1984 anti-Sikh pogrom. However, justice remained elusive due to deliberate delays, political interference, and lack of willpower to hold the powerful accountable. Some of the most prominent inquiries included:
Marwah Commission (1984): The first inquiry, led by Ved Marwah, was abruptly stopped by the government before it could complete its report.
Misra Commission (1985): This commission, led by Justice Ranganath Misra, was widely criticized for its bias in favor of the Congress Party. It absolved many top leaders of wrongdoing, further eroding Sikh trust in the system.
Jain-Banerjee Committee (1987): This committee recommended the prosecution of several Congress leaders, including Sajjan Kumar, but its findings were ignored.
Poti-Rosha Committee (1990) and Jain-Aggarwal Committee (1991): These commissions recommended further investigation but faced obstruction from political forces.
Nanavati Commission (2000-2005): After nearly two decades, this commission confirmed that Congress leaders such as Sajjan Kumar and Jagdish Tytler were involved. However, the government took little action.
Special Investigation Team (SIT) (2015): In 2015, the Narendra Modi government appointed an SIT to reopen cases, leading to the conviction of several perpetrators, including Sajjan Kumar.
Sajjan Kumar, a former Congress MP, was accused of inciting mobs to kill Sikhs in multiple locations in Delhi, including Sultanpuri, Mongolpuri, and other Sikh-dominated areas. Survivors and witnesses testified that he was seen directing the mobs and instructing them to attack Sikh homes and businesses.
Despite overwhelming evidence, he evaded justice for decades due to political patronage and a lack of prosecutorial effort. It was only in December 2018, after sustained pressure from Sikh advocacy groups and the reopening of cases by the SIT, that the Delhi High Court found him guilty of murder, rioting, and conspiracy. He was sentenced to life imprisonment, a landmark ruling that finally held a senior politician accountable. The judgment noted that the killings were “crimes against humanity” and emphasized the failure of law enforcement agencies in protecting Sikhs.
The 41-year delay in convicting Sajjan Kumar reflects the broader failure of India’s legal and political system in delivering justice for the 1984 victims. Many perpetrators, including prominent Congress leaders, never faced trial and died without punishment. Jagdish Tytler, another accused leader, continued to serve in various political capacities despite being named in multiple reports. Similarly, Kamal Nath, who was alleged to have played a role in the violence, went on to become a cabinet minister and Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh.
For the Sikh community, the 1984 massacre remains an open wound. The lack of timely justice has deepened their sense of alienation and betrayal. Sikhs across the world, particularly in Canada, the UK, and the US, have consistently demanded accountability and recognition of the pogrom as an act of state-sponsored genocide. Many believe that the wounds of 1984 will never heal until every perpetrator is held accountable.
While Sajjan Kumar’s conviction was a symbolic victory, it was far from sufficient. Thousands of affected families continue to live with the trauma of 1984, knowing that many of those responsible escaped justice. The episode underscores the importance of independent investigations, judicial reforms, and political accountability to ensure that such massacres never recur.
Sikhs worldwide continue to remember and mourn the events of 1984, keeping the memories alive through protests, literature, and advocacy. The lessons from this tragic chapter serve as a reminder that justice delayed is indeed justice denied. India must ensure that such atrocities are never repeated and that those responsible, regardless of their political stature, are held accountable in a timely manner.
The delayed justice in the 1984 pogrom case raises critical questions about India’s legal system and political accountability. It exposes how powerful individuals can manipulate institutions to escape punishment. The lessons from 1984 are relevant even today, as instances of communal violence and political complicity continue to occur in India.
In recent years, the BJP has developed a knack for springing a surprise while selecting chief ministers. Delhi is no exception. The party has picked first-time MLA and former councilor Rekha Gupta, dashing the hopes of prominent aspirants like ex-MP Parvesh Verma and three-time MLA Vijendra Gupta. The choice bears the Sangh stamp — Rekha cut her political teeth on the platform of the ABVP, the RSS-affiliated student organization. The BJP is expecting her to go all out to implement the women-centric schemes spelt out in the party manifesto. These schemes, including the monthly aid of Rs 2,500 each for Delhi’s women — Rs 400 more than what the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) promised — played a key role in the BJP’s remarkable victory. The decision to choose a lesser-known face underscores the party’s strategy to sideline heavyweights, who might become too big for their boots if they are given the all-important chair.
Parvesh, son of former Delhi CM Sahib Singh Verma, presumed that he had done enough to bag the top post when he defeated AAP supremo Arvind Kejriwal. Vijendra, who has now been elected Speaker of the Legislative Assembly, was also fancying his chances after achieving a hat-trick of wins. Both have no option now but to help the CM run the government smoothly, thanks to the party top brass’ ability to nip discord in the bud.
The template of preferring a low-profile, compliant CM has been tried out by the BJP with success in several states, such as Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Haryana. Yogi Adityanath is a rare one who can hold his own before PM Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah, even as party chief JP Nadda himself remains relegated to the shadows. An impression has gained ground that double-engine governments are being run largely from the Capital. The Rekha Gupta-led dispensation is set to take the same route. And there will be no scope for excuses if the new Delhi government fails to meet the people’s great expectations.
(Tribune, India)
Accountability and independence ought to be equally important for judges
The Lokpal’s ruling that High Court judges are amenable to its jurisdiction and the Supreme Court order staying it on its own motion raise more than a mere question of law. The issue concerns both the independence of the judiciary and its accountability. That the Court, government law officers and senior advocates found the Lokpal’s decision disturbing is understandable, as many believe that judicial independence will be undermined if judges of constitutional courts are made answerable to the Lokpal, even though they fall under the definition of ‘public servant’ under the Prevention of Corruption Act. The Lokpal view appears to be prima facie incorrect. There is nothing to suggest that superior court judges were ever considered to be under its remit. Last month, the Lokpal, headed by former Supreme Court judge, A.M. Khanwilkar, rejected a corruption complaint against a former Chief Justice of India (CJI) on the ground that the Lokpal Act, 2013, did not concern apex court judges and that its reference to “persons” who are members of anybody or authority created by an Act of Parliament cannot be applied to the Supreme Court, an institution established by the Constitution. However, in respect of High Court judges, it said High Courts established by statutes creating the respective States were statutory bodies, and their judges were “persons” within the meaning of Section 14 of the Lokpal Act.
The independence of the judiciary was the foremost consideration when the Court held in K. Veeraswami vs Union of India (1991) that no case can be registered against them without consulting the CJI, even though it also said judges were public servants under the Prevention of Corruption Act. Based on this principle, the Lokpal has referred the complaint to the CJI. While the Lokpal ruling is set to be reviewed, the time may have come to address the issue of accountability in the rare event of a credible corruption charge arising against a judge. The matter is now dealt with by the Court through an in-house procedure, initiated only if the Chief Justice of a High Court, or the CJI or the President receives a complaint. If the charges appear true, asking the judges concerned to resign, denying them judicial work or recommending their removal through Parliament are the options available. Some judges are transferred from one High Court to another, but whether a corruption charge is the reason is never disclosed. The Court should see if the present mechanism is enough or it needs to be expanded to include credible follow-up action such as an independent prosecution under its supervision. Both accountability and independence ought to be equally important for the judiciary.
(The Hindu )
The current ferment in Akali politics reflects a fierce tussle for the control of premier Sikh institutions. Tensions have been simmering since December last year, when the Akal Takht awarded religious punishment to Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) leader Sukhbir Singh Badal and others for the ‘mistakes’ committed by the party when it was in power in Punjab from 2007 to 2017. The intrigue and one-upmanship have intensified of late, and it seems that things are coming to a head.
Last week, the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) dismissed Giani Harpreet Singh as the Jathedar of Takht Sri Damdama Sahib after accepting the report of a panel that had probed allegations against him in an old domestic dispute. The controversial decision triggered a sharp response from Akal Takht Jathedar Giani Raghbir Singh, who said the ‘highly condemnable’ step would undermine the autonomy of the Takhts. Following the scathing criticism, SGPC chief Harjinder Singh Dhami resigned on ‘moral grounds’ and reaffirmed his allegiance to the Akal Takht, the highest temporal seat of the Sikhs. The rift widened when former SGPC president Kirpal Singh Badungar resigned from a committee set up by the Akal Takht to oversee the SAD’s membership drive and the election of office-bearers.
The Badals have controlled the SGPC for decades, but the party’s plummeting political fortunes – closely linked to the lingering anger within the Sikh community over the sacrilege cases of 2015 – has weakened their hold in recent years. Sukhbir and his party colleagues are hoping that their atonement would help them start afresh and regain the trust of the aggrieved Panth. However, their task has become even more difficult with the launch of a political outfit, Akali Dal (Waris Punjab De), by supporters of jailed radical MP Amritpal Singh. The multiplicity of rivals might prompt SAD to revive its alliance with the BJP, which is itself bent on making major inroads into Punjab. The developments will test the Takht’s resolve to reform and revitalize the beleaguered SAD.
(Tribune, India)
The diplomatic relationship between the United States and India has experienced significant shifts over recent years, influenced by leadership changes and evolving geopolitical dynamics. As Prime Minister Narendra Modi embarks on a two-day visit to Washington, D.C., from February 12 to 13, 2025, to meet President Donald Trump, several critical issues are poised to shape the discourse between the two nations.
During President Trump’s first term, he and Prime Minister Modi developed a notably close rapport. This camaraderie was exemplified by events such as the “Howdy Modi” rally in Houston in 2019, where Modi endorsed Trump’s leadership before a crowd of over 50,000 Indian Americans when he gave the slogan “Abki Baar, Trump Sarkaar”. However, the subsequent Biden administration saw a noticeable decline in high-profile interactions between the two leaders, leading to speculations about a cooling of personal ties.
Trade has been a cornerstone of U.S.-India relations, but it has also been a source of contention. President Trump has frequently criticized India’s trade practices, labeling the country as the “tariff king” due to its high average tariffs of 14%, which surpass those of China and Canada. In response, India has initiated measures to reduce tariffs on various U.S. products, including smartphone components and electric vehicle battery materials, aiming to improve trade relations and mitigate potential U.S. retaliatory tariffs.
Despite these efforts, the trade imbalance remains significant. In the fiscal year 2023/24, bilateral trade reached $118 billion, with India maintaining a trade surplus of $32 billion. To address U.S. concerns, India has increased imports of American oil and gas and is considering more energy imports amidst recent tariff changes favoring American products.
Defense collaboration has been a bright spot in U.S.-India relations. The U.S. has become a significant arms supplier to India, with recent deals including the sale of U.S.-made MQ-9B SeaGuardian drones and a partnership between General Electric and Hindustan Aeronautics to produce jet engines. These agreements underscore the deepening military ties between the two nations.
Both countries share a strategic interest in countering China’s influence in the Indo-Pacific region. The U.S. has advocated for a more assertive role for India within the Quad—a strategic grouping that includes the U.S., India, Japan, and Australia. However, there is speculation that President Trump may adopt a less confrontational stance toward China in his second term, potentially diminishing India’s strategic importance in U.S. regional policy.
Immigration remains a complex and sensitive topic in U.S.-India relations. The U.S. has expressed concerns over the increasing number of undocumented Indian immigrants, with over 25,000 arrests on the Mexican border recently. In response, the Modi government has announced plans to repatriate approximately 18,000 Indian nationals living illegally in the U.S. aiming to demonstrate cooperation with U.S. authorities and protect legal immigration pathways vital for Indian skilled workers.
The recent deportation of 104 Indian nationals, who were reportedly handcuffed and leg-chained during their return on a U.S. military plane, has sparked controversy and criticism within India. Opposition lawmakers have condemned the treatment of the deportees, urging the Modi government to address the issue with U.S. counterparts.
Given the multifaceted nature of U.S.-India relations, the upcoming meeting between President Trump and Prime Minister Modi is expected to cover a broad spectrum of topics.
Trade and Tariffs: Discussions will likely focus on further reducing trade imbalances, with India potentially offering additional concessions on tariffs and increasing imports of American goods.
Defense Cooperation: Both leaders may explore opportunities to expand defense ties, including potential new arms deals and joint military exercises.
Immigration: Addressing the complexities of illegal immigration and ensuring the protection of legal immigration channels for skilled Indian workers will be crucial.
Geopolitical Issues: The leaders are expected to discuss regional security concerns, including the situations in Gaza and Ukraine, as well as strategies to manage China’s influence in the Indo-Pacific.
As Prime Minister Modi and President Trump prepare for their first meeting in Trump’s second term, the dynamics of U.S.-India relations stand at a critical juncture. While past warmth between the two leaders may have cooled, the strategic imperatives of both nations necessitate a pragmatic approach to collaboration. The outcomes of this meeting will be pivotal in shaping the future trajectory of bilateral ties, with significant implications for trade, defense, and regional security.
Over four decades have passed, but for the victims of the 1984 anti-Sikh riots, time has not dulled the wounds of injustice. The Supreme Court’s remarks on Monday questioning the Delhi police’s laxity in prosecuting cases — especially their failure to challenge acquittals — highlight a troubling reality: justice for the victims remains elusive. Out of the 650 registered cases, charge-sheets were filed in only 362 cases, and convictions secured in a mere 39. The rest — more than 300 — resulted in acquittals, many unchallenged by the prosecution. The apex court’s observation that “prosecution must be carried out seriously, not just for the sake of it” underscores a decades-long pattern of neglect. When the Justice Dhingra Committee – which was set up following a PIL filed by former Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee member Gurlad Singh Kahlon — found in 2020 that several investigations had been derailed, there was a flicker of hope for accountability. Yet, even now, the appeals against acquittals seem more perfunctory than purposeful.
For survivors, the trauma is not just about the horror they witnessed but also the systemic betrayal that followed. Statements given in court paint a grim picture — families torn apart, homes burned and a justice system that remains indifferent. The Supreme Court’s intervention offers a chance to correct past wrongs, but will it amount to real action? The Delhi police’s excuse of “lack of evidence” after nearly four decades is an indictment of their own inefficiency, if not complicity.
Justice cannot be an afterthought or a delayed formality. The court’s scrutiny must translate into concrete steps — proper legal representation, fresh investigations where needed, and, above all, an unwavering commitment to ensuring that the guilty do not walk free. Until then, the victims of 1984 will continue to wait for a closure that seems forever out of reach.
(Tribune, India)
In any democratic election, one of the most consistent patterns observed globally is the desire for change. Voters often seek a fresh government, hoping for a better deal, more responsible leadership, and greater responsiveness to their needs. This trend is universal, whether in the US, UK, Canada, India, or any other democracy. As a result, the incumbency factor — the tendency of voters to vote against the party in power — plays a significant role in shaping electoral outcomes. The longer a government remains in power, the greater the chances it will face defeat unless it has consistently delivered exceptional governance.
This pattern was evident in the recent Delhi Assembly elections, which saw a significant shift in the political landscape of the capital. For years, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) has been in power in Delhi, having won a historic majority in 2015 and retaining power in 2020. However, in the latest election, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), which had been out of power in Delhi for over 30 years, managed to achieve a sweeping victory, ending AAP’s reign.
AAP’s victory in the 2015 election was nothing short of an upset. The party defeated the Congress, a long-standing political powerhouse, and emerged as a major force in Delhi politics. AAP’s success was fueled by a combination of factors: a public sentiment against the Congress, the party’s promise of corruption-free governance, and its focus on improving basic services like education and healthcare. AAP’s leader, Arvind Kejriwal, became a prominent figure and Delhi’s Chief Minister, with the party securing a resounding 67 out of 70 seats in the Delhi Assembly.
However, by the time of the most recent elections, the political climate had shifted. AAP’s time in power had led to some degree of complacency, and many voters began to feel that the promises made by the party were no longer being fulfilled. The incumbency factor began to work against them. Despite having delivered several significant reforms, such as improvements in education and healthcare, AAP faced growing criticism over issues such as the cost of living, unfulfilled promises, and its inability to deal with the rising challenges in governance.
On the other hand, the BJP, under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, had been steadily building its influence in Delhi. The party’s rise to power was not just about local issues but also about its increasing prominence at the national level. The BJP’s success was bolstered by its image as a party that promotes Hindutva and its commitment to creating a Hindu nation, which resonated with a significant portion of the electorate. The consolidation of Hindu votes worked strongly in the BJP’s favor, helping it win over a large section of the population that felt disconnected from AAP’s secular rhetoric.
One of the significant factors behind BJP’s victory was the party’s ability to promise financial allurements and freebies. While AAP had initially made its mark in the 2020 elections with promises of free electricity and water, the BJP capitalized on this by offering even more attractive schemes. Voters, often swayed by such promises, found these assurances hard to resist, despite the fact that the BJP had not always delivered on its past promises, such as the return of black money from abroad or providing a “pucca house” for every family by 2022. Nonetheless, the allure of “Acche Din” (Good Days) continued to hold strong among many voters, echoing Modi’s 2014 slogan that resonated with the hopes of millions.
The BJP’s victory in Delhi can also be attributed to the diminishing influence of the Congress party, which has been in disarray in recent years. Once a dominant force in Indian politics, the Congress has now been relegated to irrelevance in Delhi. With the Congress struggling to find its footing, voters turned to the BJP as the only viable alternative to AAP, despite any reservations they might have had about the BJP’s past record.
The electoral outcome in Delhi serves as a reminder of the fickle nature of politics and the complex dynamics at play. While AAP’s defeat signals the end of an era of governance in Delhi, it also presents a challenging future for the party. With leaders like Arvind Kejriwal and Manish Sisodia facing legal battles, the AAP may struggle to regain its footing in the short term.
For the Congress, this defeat of AAP could serve as an opportunity to rebuild itself. The party once ruled Delhi for many years and has a deep-rooted connection with the electorate. While it may currently be on the backfoot, it still holds the potential to regroup and emerge as a force in the future.
However, how the BJP governs Delhi will play a crucial role in determining the next chapter in Delhi’s politics.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi travels to the US for a much-anticipated meeting with President Donald Trump next week, buoyed by strengthening political fortunes at home.
Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party is tipped to win local elections in Delhi that, if confirmed in vote-counting tomorrow, would end the BJP’s almost three-decade exile from power in the capital.
That would add to the BJP’s sweep of November’s polls in the wealthy state of Maharashtra, helping a turnaround since the stinging loss of its parliamentary majority last year. The central bank’s decision to cut interest rates today should give a boost to Modi’s push to revive India’s slowing economy.
Ahead of his visit, Modi has sent a series of not-so-subtle hints to Trump to go easy on India. In his government’s annual budget last week, he unveiled cuts to India’s own (notoriously high) tariffs, including on Harley-Davidson motorcycles — a clear concession to Trump on a longtime grievance.
He has offered no resistance to accepting the return of undocumented Indian migrants — despite reports that deportees may have been mistreated — and has made clear India will stick to the dollar as a trading currency. Other Trump actions like sanctioning the International Criminal Court are unlikely to bother Modi, since India isn’t a signatory.
So far, there’s little indication Trump intends to drag India into his unfolding trade war, perhaps because it’s too important to the US’s strategy of containing China in the Indo-Pacific to risk alienating it.
There’s even talk of the two leaders restarting discussions on a US-India free-trade agreement. That would be a boon for Modi, who needs US consumers to keep buying Indian exports to offset a massive trade deficit.
Still, Trump’s likely to want more from Modi — perhaps agreeing to further reduce India’s trade barriers and accept more migrants.
That’s a deal Modi may be willing to cut if it keeps India in Trump’s good graces.
(Bloomberg)
Donald Trump’s vicious assault on the international criminal court is no surprise. His last administration slapped sanctions on it over its investigations into potential war crimes in Afghanistan, including by the US, and into the actions of Israeli forces. But his new executive order goes even further, attacking the fundamentals of the court and endangering its functioning.
The US never joined the ICC, fearing scrutiny of its own actions and those of its allies. Joe Biden damaged both the court and US claims of commitment to the “rules-based international order” when he justified the arrest warrant for Vladimir Putin while attacking as “outrageous” the one issued for Benjamin Netanyahu.
But for Mr Trump it is not just about expedience. His loathing for the court speaks to something fundamental about this president. Ultimately, the law he believes in is that of the jungle. Naked transactionalism and coercion replace diplomacy and alliances. The biggest beasts are hungry and the rest must flatter or flee.
This credo can be seen at work again in the destruction of USAID. The callous disregard for life is sickening. As Gordon Brown laid out powerfully in the Guardian, this decision will kill. It is also shortsighted and stupid. USAID has been a shrewd, low-cost foreign policy tool. It cost less than 1% of the federal budget in the 2023 fiscal year – and much of the money went back to the United States. US foreign aid spending as a percentage of gross national income is far below that of most advanced economies. USAID helped to stabilize countries, contain diseases, and foster goodwill in places which will now look to other patrons.
Mr Trump’s “might-is-right” doctrine can be seen most clearly in his reckless and immoral call to ethnically cleanse Gaza, so that the US could “own” a new “Riviera of the Middle East”. This is the most disturbing element of his unexpected and repeated proposals for American territorial expansion, in place of the anticipated isolationism. He has even declared his willingness to use military force in other places.
No one expects US troops to march into Canada. His Gaza proposal is not realizable. At least some of his suggestions are surely wielded as the crudest available threat to achieve concessions on other issues. Yet a worrying consistency in the theme suggests that observers may need to take him literally as well as seriously, however ludicrous these ideas sound. He does not need to enact them exactly for them to prove hugely damaging. And whether or not the US expands its borders, there seems every prospect that Mr Trump will approve of Israel and Russia annexing land, emboldening others to use force to remake borders.
In the past, some have wondered how effective the ICC can really be: the work of bringing war criminals to justice has been slow, painful and often unsuccessful at the best of times. Mr Trump’s attack is a perverse recognition of the importance of the court, and of international law more generally. It is alarming that influential voices within the British government appear inclined to lament the rigor of international law as an obstacle to domestic priorities, rather than celebrate its place in the architecture of a civilized world. Recoiling at Mr Trump’s excesses is not enough. The UK and others have rightly expressed their “unwavering” support for the ICC. They must now defend it, and the values for which it stands, by whatever means they can.
(The Guardian)
India’s 76th Republic Day celebrations are a poignant reminder of the country’s remarkable achievement in sustaining its democracy, despite numerous challenges. As the world’s largest democracy, India stands tall in a global landscape where many neighboring nations and others around the world grapple with political instability, oligarchic governance, and even authoritarian regimes. India’s ability to maintain a democratic republic, despite the external and internal pressures it faces, is an achievement that deserves celebration. However, this celebration must be tempered by an honest reflection of the struggles that continue to threaten its democratic fabric.
India’s 76th Republic Day comes at a time when the country’s constitutional rights—long cherished and fought for—are once again under threat. These threats, although not new, have intensified in recent years, particularly with regard to freedom of expression, the suppression of dissent, and the increasing influence of the government over the media. Despite these challenges, India remains a beacon of hope and a symbol of democracy on the global stage. However, the ongoing threats, both to its democratic principles and the well-being of its citizens, require urgent attention.
The Indian Republic, founded on the ideals enshrined in its Constitution, has shown remarkable resilience, weathering numerous challenges over the years. The Constitution, which came into effect on January 26, 1950, was designed to ensure a just, inclusive, and secular republic. India adopted a parliamentary system of government and instituted fundamental rights for its citizens, promising justice, equality, and freedom for all. Despite facing challenges such as economic disparities, social unrest, and regional conflicts, India has managed to uphold its democratic ideals.
However, there have been periods when the rights of citizens have been compromised. Notably, the Emergency period of 1975-1977, when fundamental rights were suspended, remains a dark chapter in India’s democratic history. In the decades since, constitutional rights have occasionally been under threat, and the current situation, in which the freedom of expression is endangered, suggests that the country still faces significant challenges in fully realizing its democratic potential. In recent years, this fundamental right has come under growing pressure. The government has been accused of using various means to suppress dissent, silence critics, and control the media narrative.
The increasing control over the media has become a significant concern. Once considered a fearless institution that held power to account, the Indian media has gradually fallen under the influence of the ruling powers. Many media outlets have been accused of being compromised, whether through political pressures, economic incentives, or direct influence from the government. The result is a shrinking space for independent journalism and critical voices, which are essential to a functioning democracy.
Furthermore, journalists and activists who speak out against the government have faced intimidation, legal harassment, and even violence. The decline in press freedom has been noted by international watchdogs, with organizations like Reporters Without Borders and Freedom House highlighting India’s deteriorating media environment.
While it is important to acknowledge that not all is lost, and many independent journalists and media outlets continue to operate with integrity, the reality is that the threat to freedom of expression in India is very real and growing. If this trend continues, it could have long-term consequences for the health of the Indian democracy.
Another major challenge India faces today is the growing inequality in wealth and opportunity. Although India is often celebrated for its impressive economic growth, with projections of becoming a $5 trillion economy in the near future, this growth has not been evenly distributed. The wealth divide is staggering: less than 10% of India’s population controls more than 70% of the country’s wealth, leaving the vast majority of the population struggling to access even basic resources.
The rise of extreme inequality is a major concern, as it undermines the democratic principle of equal opportunity. While a small percentage of the population has prospered, the rest of the nation remains mired in poverty. Over 20% of Indians still live below the poverty line, and more than 50% of the population faces deprivation in terms of education, healthcare, and other essential services. This economic disparity is particularly visible in rural areas, where a large portion of India’s population resides.
The gap between the rich and the poor is not just economic but also social. Education, healthcare, and employment opportunities are often distributed unevenly, based on factors such as caste, religion, and region. Despite the government’s efforts to implement welfare schemes and poverty alleviation programs, the scale of the problem is so vast that progress has been slow.
India’s rise as a global economic power is undeniable, but the persistence of extreme poverty and inequality is an issue that cannot be ignored. Economic growth should benefit all sections of society, and it is crucial that the government address these disparities to ensure that the fruits of growth are shared more equitably.
India’s aspirations to become a developed nation by 2047—the centenary of its independence—are ambitious. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has frequently spoken about transforming India into a global economic powerhouse, with the aim of making it the third-largest economy in the world, after the United States and China. While this is a laudable goal, it raises an important question: Can India truly be considered a developed nation when more than half of its population lives in poverty?
India’s development trajectory must prioritize inclusive growth, which means ensuring that economic development benefits the most marginalized sections of society. It is difficult to imagine India becoming a fully developed nation while such a large portion of the population remains impoverished. Sustainable development must focus on eradicating poverty, reducing inequality, and improving access to basic services for all citizens, irrespective of their economic, social, or religious background.
Despite these significant challenges, India has made tremendous progress in various fields. Indian scientists, engineers, and professionals have contributed to advancements in space exploration, technology, healthcare, and more. The nation has earned respect on the global stage for its achievements in these areas.
However, true progress cannot be measured by economic or technological achievements alone. A nation’s greatness is also determined by the well-being of its people and the strength of its social fabric. India’s future greatness will depend on the ability of its leaders to create a society where all citizens, regardless of their background, have the opportunity to prosper.
Furthermore, ensuring peaceful and harmonious relations among the diverse religious and social groups in the country is crucial. India’s pluralistic society is one of its greatest strengths, but it must be protected from divisive forces that seek to undermine this unity. It is the duty of the rulers to provide conditions for peace, justice, and equality. If the government fails to do so, the very democratic structure that India holds dear will be at risk of crumbling.
Let this Republic Day be a reminder of the need for India’s rulers to pledge themselves to the democratic ideals enshrined in the Constitution—not for the propagation of any one ideology or faith, but for the advancement of the nation as a whole. Only then can India truly fulfill its promise as a vibrant, democratic republic.
The Ministry of External Affairs and the Odisha Government are patting their backs for the “overwhelming success” of the just concluded biannual event for the elite of the Indian Diaspora.
The three-day Pravasi Bharatiya Divas held at a specially erected tented township at Janata Maidan in Bhubaneswar, the capital of Odisha, not only saw 27 eminent members of the Indian Diaspora drawn from 24 countries being honored with Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Awards, but also witnessed concerted efforts by the NDA government in projecting “Viksit” (developed) Bharat by 2047, the centennial year of India’s independence.
Overall, delegates were appreciative of the arrangements made for the smooth conduct of the convention. Odisha government put its best foot forward to attract Foreign Direct Investment in various areas, specifically in mining and tourism sectors.
“Focus was rightly more on the projection of India as an emerging economic power but at the same time, the other party in the convention, the Diaspora, was left wondering at its shrinking space in the bilateral convention,” commented a number of delegates from the USA, Australia, and the UK.
They held that the reason for the decreasing participation of delegates from the West or the developed nations was the changing mandate of the convention. Instead, this time some of the Asian nations, including Mauritius, Oman, Qatar, UAE, Malaysia, and a few African nations constituted more than two-thirds strength of all delegates.
The focus was more on showcasing the progress the country has made during the present NDA regime in various fields, including technology. It also provided a platform for the Odisha government to showcase to the world the “investment opportunities” it offers in various fields in general and tourism in particular.
It was in 2002 that the then BJP-led NDA government under the stewardship of Atal Bihari Vajpayee endorsed the recommendation of the LM Singhvi Committee report, and the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas convention was launched.
This mega event was originally planned to act as a bridge between the overseas community and the Union Government in making them partners in the overall development of India as a “new economic” power. It was mandated to provide a platform for the exchange of views on the issues facing the country and its Diaspora worldwide.
Of late, feel the delegates, the NDA government has been hijacking the agenda of this mega event by projecting its policies and programs. Issues and problems facing the Diaspora are gradually getting pushed to the periphery. Even individual or institutional achievements of the overseas community are getting marginalized. The only consolatory component of the biannual convention is the felicitation of the elite of the overseas community.
In the 2025 PBD 27 such personalities and institutions who have made a mark in community service; business, trade, and industry; science and technology; education and academics; politics; environment; healthcare and medicine; and art, culture and literature were celebrated by the President, Droupadi Murmu. Some areas, like sports, where members of the Indian Diaspora have made laudable singular and collective achievements, are still to get recognition through Pravasi Samman awards. Of the nearly 300 overseas Indians honored till now, not even a single sportsperson figure in the list. Monologues have replaced dialogues. Even the participation of youth and women, too, has shown a decline. This is in spite of the fact that the first day of the convention remains committed to youth development and its connectivity to the roots.
Of late, leaders in science, technology, research, business, trade, industry, and other areas have started skipping this convention. Even some of the political bigwigs, including the first Great Britain Prime Minister of Indian descent, Rishi Sunak, and the first woman US Presidential candidate, Kamla Harris, did not find mention in the event designed specifically for the likes of them.
Interest in the States, too, has been diminishing in the PBD. In the initial editions, the States used to celebrate their “days” by showcasing the progress they have made since independence while offering attractive investment opportunities to major industrial, business, financial, hospitality and tourist industry giants. Instead, the focus now veers on the host State only.
Odisha, too, has joined the select band of States which have named a nodal minister as a one-man authority or single window clearance procedure to facilitate investments. The earlier practice of various States putting up special stalls and making their senior officials available to participating delegates has been discontinued.
Though the chief guest at this biannual mega convention is normally a Head of a state of Indian descent, participation of other overseas politicians of Indian descent has diminished.
Many delegates held that the programme needs a revisit and redesign to meet the rapidly changing requirements of the of the nearly 36 million strong overseas Indian community. India, they say, remains the single largest source of both skilled and unskilled manpower and contagious issues related to identity and globalization need to be addressed more aggressively.
Some developed nations like the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand, acknowledged as top favorite destinations for Indian youth, including students, are making rapid changes to their immigration policies and programs because of which there hangs a sword of uncertainty, and their apprehensions of “deportation” from the countries of their present abode need to be taken up more seriously at the events like PBD.
As the world commemorates the 358th birth anniversary of Guru Gobind Singh on January 6, 2025, it is an opportune moment to delve into the life, philosophy, and enduring legacy of this extraordinary figure. Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth and last Sikh Guru, not only shaped the course of Sikhism but also left an indelible mark on humanity with his principles of courage, equality, and compassion. His teachings resonate profoundly even in modern times, inspiring millions worldwide to lead lives of purpose and selflessness.
Guru Gobind Singh was born as Gobind Rai on December 22, 1666, in Patna, Bihar, to Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru, and Mata Gujri. From an early age, he exhibited an exceptional blend of spiritual depth, intellectual sharpness, and martial valor. These qualities became even more pronounced after the martyrdom of his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, who sacrificed his life to protect the religious freedoms of the Hindus against the oppressive policies of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
Ascending to the Guruship at the tender age of nine, Guru Gobind Singh’s leadership was defined by his unwavering commitment to justice and human dignity. Recognizing the need for unity and resilience among the oppressed, he founded the Khalsa in 1699—a brotherhood dedicated to upholding righteousness and protecting the downtrodden. This transformative event marked a watershed moment in Sikh history, reinforcing the community’s collective identity and purpose.
Guru Gobind Singh’s teachings epitomize a harmonious blend of spirituality and practical action. He emphasized devotion to God, ethical living, and selfless service. His philosophy was deeply rooted in the principles of equality and universal brotherhood, transcending barriers of caste, creed, and gender. This inclusive outlook was revolutionary in a society fractured by rigid hierarchies and discrimination.
The Guru’s declaration that “Khalsa Akal Purakh Ki Fauj” (“The Khalsa is the army of the Divine”) underscored the spiritual foundation of his mission. He envisioned the Khalsa as a collective committed to justice, courage, and altruism. In his writings, particularly in the Dasam Granth, Guru Gobind Singh extolled the virtues of bravery and righteousness, asserting that true strength lies in protecting the weak and standing up against tyranny.
Guru Gobind Singh’s life is a testament to unparalleled sacrifice. He dedicated not just his personal comforts but also his entire family to the cause of justice. His four sons—Ajit Singh, Jujhar Singh, Zorawar Singh, and Fateh Singh—embraced martyrdom, demonstrating extraordinary courage in the face of adversity. His wife, Mata Gujri, and mother also faced immense trials, enduring hardship and ultimate sacrifice with unshakable faith.
Despite these profound personal losses, Guru Gobind Singh remained steadfast in his mission. His resolve to challenge the oppressive Mughal regime and protect the weak was unwavering, inspiring his followers to prioritize principles over personal gain. His life serves as a poignant reminder that true leadership involves selflessness and an unyielding commitment to the greater good.
Guru Gobind Singh’s teachings are remarkably relevant in today’s world, characterized by social inequities, conflicts, and moral dilemmas. His humanistic approach and emphasis on courage, compassion, and equality provide a blueprint for addressing contemporary challenges.
Courage to Confront Injustice: Guru Gobind Singh’s legacy inspires individuals and communities to stand up against oppression and injustice. His life underscores the importance of moral courage, urging people to challenge exploitation and discrimination in all forms.
Universal Brotherhood and Equality: In an era marked by divisions along lines of religion, race, and class, Guru Gobind Singh’s vision of universal brotherhood serves as a powerful antidote. His advocacy for equality reminds us of the shared humanity that binds us all.
Selfless Service and Charity: Guru Gobind Singh’s declaration that true bravery lies in helping others continues to inspire acts of selflessness and philanthropy. His followers, known for their generosity and community service, embody this principle, contributing to social welfare across the globe.
Resilience and Adaptability: Guru Gobind Singh’s establishment of the Khalsa demonstrated the importance of resilience and adaptability in the face of adversity. His teachings encourage individuals to embrace change with courage and determination.
The influence of Guru Gobind Singh extends far beyond the Sikh community. With a global following of approximately 30 million, Sikhs are recognized for their industriousness, integrity, and commitment to social justice. From providing humanitarian aid in disaster-stricken regions to contributing significantly to fields such as medicine, technology, and education, Sikhs continue to exemplify the Guru’s teachings in their daily lives.
The concept of “Langar”—a free community kitchen—is a shining example of Guru Gobind Singh’s ethos of service and equality. Today, gurdwaras worldwide serve millions of meals to people of all backgrounds, reinforcing the values of generosity and inclusion. Similarly, the Sikh tradition of “Seva” (selfless service) manifests in myriad forms, from providing healthcare and education to supporting marginalized communities.
Guru Gobind Singh’s life and philosophy are a timeless source of inspiration. His courage, compassion, and commitment to justice resonate as profoundly today as they did centuries ago. As we celebrate his 358th birth anniversary, it is imperative to reflect on his teachings and strive to embody his principles in our lives.
In a world yearning for compassion and courage, Guru Gobind Singh’s legacy serves as a guiding light, urging us to rise above narrow self-interest and work toward the collective good. His vision of a just, equitable, and harmonious society remains a beacon of hope, inspiring generations to uphold the values of bravery, selflessness, and universal brotherhood.
Happy 358th birth anniversary of the Timeless Torchbearer of Courage and Compassion Guru Gobind Singh, the Founder of the Khalsa!
As 2024 draws to a close, it is a moment of both reflection and anticipation-a time to evaluate the successes and setbacks of the past year and to look forward with cautious optimism to what 2025 might bring. The year gone by has been one of contrasts, marked by significant achievements as well as persistent challenges. From groundbreaking technological advancements to deepening geopolitical tensions, 2024 has left an indelible mark on the global stage. Let us take a closer look at the year’s highlights and pitfalls before venturing into what the future may hold.
The Highlights of 2024
Technological Breakthroughs
2024 witnessed unprecedented advancements in technology, particularly in artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and renewable energy. AI technologies continued to revolutionize industries, from healthcare to education, enabling faster diagnostics and personalized learning experiences. Renewable energy projects reached new heights, with solar and wind farms delivering record outputs, making strides toward combating climate change.
Global Health Progress
Despite ongoing challenges, 2024 marked significant improvements in global health. The development of innovative vaccines and treatments for emerging diseases highlighted humanity’s resilience and scientific ingenuity. Global collaboration through organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) demonstrated the power of unity in addressing health crises.
Space Exploration
Space exploration reached new milestones in 2024, with multiple successful missions to the Moon and Mars. Private companies collaborated with national space agencies, pushing the boundaries of human potential. The discovery of promising evidence of microbial life on Mars captured the imagination of millions.
Cultural Renaissance
The post-pandemic cultural revival continued to gain momentum, with arts, literature, and cinema experiencing a renaissance. Festivals, exhibitions, and performances became platforms for cultural exchange, fostering understanding and creativity across borders.
The Challenges of 2024
Geopolitical Tensions
Geopolitical conflicts deepened in 2024, with several regions experiencing prolonged instability. The war in Eastern Europe persisted, causing immense human suffering and economic disruption. Tensions in the South China Sea escalated, leading to concerns over potential flashpoints in the Indo-Pacific region.
Economic Disparities
While some economies thrived, others struggled with mounting debt, inflation, and unemployment. Wealth inequality widened, exacerbating social unrest in both developed and developing nations. Efforts to address these issues often fell short, underscoring the need for more equitable policies.
Climate Change
Climate change continued to pose an existential threat, with extreme weather events becoming more frequent and devastating. From wildfires in North America to flooding in South Asia, 2024 served as a stark reminder of the urgent need for collective action to mitigate environmental damage.
Global Refugee Crisis
The global refugee crisis reached alarming levels, driven by conflicts, economic instability, and climate-induced displacement. Countries grappled with the challenge of balancing humanitarian responsibilities with domestic concerns, often leading to polarizing debates and strained resources.
What Lies Ahead in 2025?
Geopolitical Dynamics
The year 2025 will likely see continued efforts to resolve longstanding conflicts. Diplomatic engagements, peace talks, and multilateral negotiations are expected to gain momentum, though progress may be slow and fraught with challenges. The global community will need to prioritize dialogue over confrontation to address pressing security issues.
Economic Recovery and Innovation
As the global economy stabilizes, 2025 may bring opportunities for inclusive growth. Investments in technology, infrastructure, and education could drive job creation and reduce inequalities. However, governments and organizations must remain vigilant against economic shocks and work toward sustainable development.
Climate Action
2025 is poised to be a pivotal year for climate action. The implementation of commitments made at the COP30 summit in 2024 will be closely watched. Transitioning to green energy, preserving biodiversity, and strengthening disaster preparedness will remain key priorities for nations and communities worldwide.
Technological Evolution
Technological innovation will likely accelerate in 2025, shaping industries and societies in unprecedented ways. AI, quantum computing, and biotechnologies are expected to open new frontiers, though ethical and regulatory challenges will need to be addressed to ensure responsible use.
Global Health and Equity
The fight against pandemics and endemic diseases will continue, with greater emphasis on universal healthcare access. Collaborative efforts to strengthen healthcare systems and address mental health issues will be critical for building a healthier and more equitable world.
A Hopeful Outlook for 2025
Despite the uncertainties, 2025 holds the promise of progress and renewal. The lessons of 2024—resilience in the face of adversity, the power of innovation, and the importance of global cooperation—provide a foundation for optimism. Humanity’s capacity for adaptation and ingenuity has been proven time and again, and it is this spirit that will drive us forward.
As we welcome 2025, let us commit to building a better, more compassionate world. May this new year bring peace to conflict-ridden regions, prosperity to struggling communities, and hope to all corners of the globe. Together, let us strive for a future that upholds the values of justice, equality, and sustainability—a world where every individual can thrive and contribute to the greater good.
Here’s to a brighter, happier, and more harmonious 2025!
On the Martyrdom of the Four Sons of Guru Gobind Singh
Prof. Indrajit S Saluja
The history of the world bears testimony to countless acts of bravery and sacrifice, but few compare to the monumental story of Guru Gobind Singh, the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs, and the ultimate sacrifice of his four young sons—Sahibzada Ajit Singh, Sahibzada Jujhar Singh, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh, and Sahibzada Fateh Singh. Their martyrdom is not only an integral part of Sikh history but a chapter of unparalleled valor and commitment to righteousness in human history.
Guru Gobind Singh, the founder of the Khalsa in 1699, envisioned a faith rooted in equality, justice, and the fight against tyranny. Living in a time of severe oppression under Mughal rule, Guru Gobind Singh sought to instill courage and a sense of identity in his followers. The Khalsa, with its distinctive identity and unyielding commitment to justice, emerged as a force against injustice and a beacon of hope for the oppressed. The creation of the Khalsa marked a revolutionary moment in history, but it also drew the ire of tyrannical rulers who sought to crush this growing resistance.
Guru Gobind Singh’s life was a saga of relentless battles and unwavering resolve. His personal sacrifices were profound—he became the only figure in history to offer his entire family, including his four sons, for the cause of righteousness. The heartbreaking story of his sons, who faced death with unparalleled bravery, stands as a testament to their faith, principles, and courage.
The two elder sons of Guru Gobind Singh, Sahibzada Ajit Singh (18 years old) and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh (14 years old), embraced martyrdom during the Battle of Chamkaur in December 1704. Outnumbered by the Mughal forces, they stood firm alongside their father and other brave warriors. Despite the overwhelming odds, Sahibzada Ajit Singh led the Khalsa soldiers into battle with extraordinary valor. When he fell, Sahibzada Jujhar Singh took up the mantle, fearlessly plunging into the battlefield to uphold the honor of the Khalsa.
Their sacrifices exemplified unwavering faith and the courage to stand against injustice, inspiring generations of Sikhs to remain steadfast in the face of adversity.
While Guru Gobind Singh and his elder sons faced battle, his two younger sons, Sahibzada Zorawar Singh (9 years old) and Sahibzada Fateh Singh (7 years old), were captured along with their grandmother, Mata Gujri, by Mughal forces. Imprisoned at the fort of Sirhind, they were subjected to immense psychological pressure to renounce their faith and convert to Islam. Despite their tender age, the young Sahibzadas displayed an unshakable commitment to their beliefs.
On December 26, 1704, when they refused to abandon their Sikh faith, the tyrannical Mughal governor Wazir Khan ordered them to be bricked alive. This inhuman punishment shocked the conscience of all who heard of it. Even as the bricks enclosed them, the young sons of Guru Gobind Singh recited Sikh prayers and remained resolute in their faith, demonstrating courage far beyond their years. Their martyrdom stands as a poignant reminder of the ultimate price they paid for their principles.
The martyrdom of the Sahibzadas is commemorated annually as Veer Bal Divas (The Brave Children’s Day) on December 26. This day serves as a moment of reflection and reverence for their bravery and the values they upheld. It is a day to remember not only their sacrifices but also the teachings of Guru Gobind Singh, who believed in unwavering commitment to righteousness: Shubh Karman te Kabahon na Taron (Never turn away from righteous deeds).
Guru Gobind Singh’s life and the sacrifices of his family remind us of the cost of freedom and justice. They exemplify the highest ideals of humanity—courage, selflessness, and steadfastness in the face of tyranny.
In an age where principles often waver under pressure, the story of Guru Gobind Singh and his sons serves as a beacon of inspiration. Their sacrifices remind us to stand firm in the face of injustice, to uphold the values of equality and freedom, and to remain committed to righteous causes, no matter the personal cost.
As we remember the Sahibzadas on Veer Bal Divas, let us pledge to honor their legacy by embodying their values in our own lives. Their story is not just a part of Sikh history—it is a universal testament to the triumph of the human spirit against oppression, a chapter in history that will forever inspire generations to come.
As the year draws to a close, the holiday season ushers in an atmosphere of festivity, warmth, and reflection. Among the myriad celebrations that mark this time of year, Christmas holds a special place in hearts and homes across the globe. It is a season not only of joy and giving but also of profound spiritual significance. Beyond the festivities and traditions, Christmas carries a timeless message of universal brotherhood, peace, and love—a message that resonates with the world today as much as it did over two millennia ago.
Christmas commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ, a pivotal figure in human history. Born in the humble town of Bethlehem over 2,000 years ago, Jesus’s life and teachings have shaped the moral and spiritual framework of countless generations. According to the Gospel accounts, His birth was heralded by angels proclaiming peace on earth and goodwill to all. Wise men from the East traveled great distances to honor Him, symbolizing the recognition of His significance across cultures and lands.
The story of Christ’s birth is imbued with themes of humility and hope. Born in a stable and laid in a manger, Jesus came into the world not as a figure of worldly power but as a beacon of divine love and salvation. His teachings emphasized compassion, forgiveness, and the inherent dignity of every individual, values that remain cornerstones of human ethics and coexistence.
While Christmas is fundamentally a Christian celebration, its core messages transcend religious boundaries. It is a time to embrace the ideals of love, unity, and generosity. The holiday season encourages us to reflect on our shared humanity and the bonds that connect us all, regardless of our differences.
In a world often marked by division and strife, Christmas serves as a poignant reminder of the potential for harmony and mutual respect. The idea of universal brotherhood, central to the teachings of Jesus, invites us to look beyond the barriers of race, religion, and nationality to recognize the common threads that bind us together.
Christmas traditions vary widely across cultures, but they all share a common essence of joy and togetherness. From decorating Christmas trees and exchanging gifts to singing carols and sharing festive meals, these customs reflect the spirit of giving and celebration.
The act of giving—whether through thoughtful presents, charitable acts, or simply the gift of time—embodies the essence of the holiday. It mirrors the ultimate gift that Christians believe God gave to humanity in the form of His Son. Similarly, the tradition of gathering with loved ones underscores the importance of relationships and community.
As we celebrate this Christmas, let us take its message to heart and put it into action. The world today is in dire need of the peace and love that the holiday embodies. Whether through small acts of kindness in our daily lives or efforts to address larger societal challenges, each of us has the capacity to make a difference.
Let this season inspire us to be more compassionate, more forgiving, and more committed to fostering understanding and cooperation. In doing so, we honor not only the spirit of Christmas but also the universal values that underpin a just and harmonious world.
This holiday season, let us pause to count our blessings and extend our gratitude for the gift of life and the love of family and friends. May the light of Christmas fill every heart with hope and every home with happiness. Let the message of peace on earth and goodwill for all guide our actions, not just during the holidays but throughout the year.
Merry Christmas and a joyous holiday season to everyone around the globe. May this season of celebration bring you closer to the people you cherish and inspire you to spread kindness and joy far and wide. Merry Xmas!
Revenue Secretary Sanjay Malhotra’s surprise appointment as the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor comes amid worries over a decline in economic growth, a weaker currency and an upturn in inflation. As he embarks on his three-year term, Malhotra has huge expectations to deliver, particularly concerning the monetary policy. Despite the several high points during his six years in office, the second longest for any chief of the central bank, Shaktikanta Das ends his tenure on a somber note. His parting message about restoring inflation-growth balance being the most important task ahead is acknowledgement of the unfinished agenda. Political overtones have been dominating the clamor for a cut in interest rates, with both the Finance Minister and Commerce Minister flagging high bank interest rates as a growth dampener.
Das leaves behind a legacy marked by steady policymaking and deft crisis management. He steered the economy through the Covid pandemic which prevented any economic activity for well over a year, and also oversaw its recovery, especially in the financial sector. Another achievement was to mend the difficult relationship between North Block and Mint Street that he had inherited from Urjit Patel. The generous out-of-record dividend to the Centre remains a contentious issue, raising concerns about weakening of the RBI’s financial strength and independence.
While strengthening the banking system, Das prevented a build-up of risk, asking lenders to avoid all forms of exuberance. The Governor-headed Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) kept the repo rate unchanged at 6.5 per cent for the 11th consecutive time last week. It signaled the RBI’s cautious approach amid inflation and slowing growth. A review of the rate cut is likely by the Malhotra-headed MPC in its February meeting. It will be a tough call.
(Tribune, India)
Only a strong institutional response will serve the cause of justice following the communally charged remarks by a judge of the Allahabad High Court. Demands have been put forth for an inquiry against Justice Shekhar Kumar Yadav, suspension of his judicial work and even impeachment. The Supreme Court has sought details of the controversial speech amid protests that this brazen violation of the code of conduct casts doubts on the judiciary’s independence and neutrality. Addressing an event organized by the Vishwa Hindu Parishad on the Uniform Civil Code, Justice Yadav said the country would function as per the wishes of the majority. Replete with communal slurs, his speech also alluded to the media attention it would generate. A line has been crossed, and what’s worse, all too knowingly.
Impartiality is the cornerstone of the Constitution and the rule of law. An individual who has taken oath to uphold these principles making an exhibition of his prejudices does a huge disservice to both his constitutional role and the judicial system. The impact is not confined to communal unrest; it erodes public faith in the judiciary’s integrity. A denial or a rebuttable will not suffice. There must be consequences. The top court, the expectation is, will send a firm message on what is not acceptable.
A Supreme Court Bench’s observations after its suo motu cognizance of objectionable remarks by a Karnataka High Court judge need reiteration. The perception of justice to every segment of society, it said, was as important as the rendition of justice. It was intrinsic for judges to be aware of their own predispositions, it noted, because it was only on the basis of such awareness that they could remain truly faithful to deliver objective and fair justice. Hear, hear, Justice Yadav.
(Tribune, India)
Gukesh is first among a cohort of young Indian chess geniuses to reach the pinnacle
Eighteen-year-old D. Gukesh has made history by becoming the 18th world chess champion, which will make him the youngest to do so and emulating the doyen of Indian chess, Viswanathan Anand, the only other Indian to achieve the honor. Gukesh managed his feat after a blunder made by the reigning world champion, Ding Liren of China, on the 55th move, Rf2, in the 14th and final classical game of the match. The game was headed towards a draw, but with Gukesh pressing for any advantage in a rook-bishop-pawn endgame and having an extra pawn, it took just one misstep for Ding to lose his crown. Ding was in poor form prior to the match but the Chinese GM proved his mettle by winning the first game, setting up a strong contest. Gukesh won Game 4 to tie the match and after a series of draws, Gukesh played an enterprising Game 11 to take the lead; Ding fought back brilliantly to tie the match again with a strong win in Game 12. The strategies of both players were evident. Gukesh played strong openings and exhibited tenacity in trying to gain advantages in near equal positions as the games progressed. Ding’s plan seemed to be to secure a stalemate in the classical games and to drag the match into the shorter rapid and if need be, blitz formats, and to use his strength in terms of experience. Sticking to his strategy of pushing through equal positions, Gukesh had the last laugh.
The Chennai-born Grandmaster’s mental toughness and wisdom beyond his age have been his calling card. His steady rise was due to his dedication and his accelerated path to glory was helped by the work done by his seconds — Gukesh revealed their names only after the match — besides the mentoring by GM Anand’s WestBridge Anand Chess Academy. His versatile game, built on an innate ability to calculate moves deeply on the board, kept him in good stead against his more experienced opponent. The surge of young Indian talent to the top echelons of world chess in recent years — compatriot GMs Arjun Erigaisi and R. Praggnanandhaa are in the top 15 along with Gukesh — raised expectations of another Indian world champion in chess. The youngsters have pushed each other to do their best. Gukesh won a strong Candidates tournament to emerge as Ding’s challenger and his prowess was evident following his individual gold winning performances in the Chennai and Budapest Chess Olympiads, the latter being India’s first gold in the team event. His next frontier would be to reach the heights scaled by the world’s strongest chess player, Magnus Carlsen. Gukesh becoming the world champion would also motivate his Indian compatriots and will add a fillip to the growth of modern chess as a sport and vocation in the country of its birth.
(The Hindu)
The president-elect’s two main arguments for his tariff threat – to reduce migration and to combat drugs – are not credible
“To me, the most beautiful word in the dictionary is tariff, and it’s my favorite word,” said Donald Trump last month. Pundits, politicians and financial markets are trying to figure out why, since he announced a week ago that he would impose tariffs on the United States’s three biggest trading partners: 25% for Mexico and Canada, and 10% for China.
One theory is that tariffs can be a beautiful distraction. Trump, more than any previous US president, has fed on distractions for years, both to campaign and to govern. He can move seamlessly from one distraction to the next, like a magician preparing for the opportune moment to pull a coin from where it appears to have been hidden behind your ear.
Although he still has seven weeks before he takes office, he could use a distraction that can start sooner. He has run into problems with cabinet and other appointments that require Senate confirmation. Of course he could easily find people who would do his bidding and be acceptable to a Senate with a Republican majority. But that would defeat the main purpose of nominating people who seem indefensible: to force Republican senators to display the abject subservience that Trump needs to be public, in order to ensure his unwavering dominance within his party.
This is no small part of his governing strategy; it involves a big takeaway from the failures of his first term, from his point of view. The lesson is: loyalty to Trump first. Violators will be banished. And with small margins in the Senate and the House, things could begin to unravel if this core imperative goes unenforced.
But the days before Trump actually takes office could also be the best time for him to use the threat of tariffs to begin bullying foreign governments for things that might benefit his allies, donors or himself. Other governments besides the three that he named are trying to figure out what they can offer Trump to avoid the economic disruption of tariffs. Christine Lagarde, the head of the European Central Bank, who does not see Trump as a friend, has urged the EU to negotiate with him, rather than adopt a retaliatory, e.g., tariff, response.
Trump’s two offered pretexts for the tariff threat – migration and drugs, in this case fentanyl – are not credible. About 18% of the undocumented people encountered by border patrol over the past year have been from Venezuela and Cuba, two countries that have been devastated economically by sanctions imposed by the US government. If reducing immigration were really Trump’s concern, he would not have deployed sanctions that have driven millions of people from their homes to the US border; and he could end these sanctions in January by himself.
Broad economic sanctions are a form of economic violence which targets civilians in order to achieve political ends, including regime change. US congressman Jim McGovern, a Massachusetts Democrat, made this clear in a letter that he wrote to Joe Biden asking for the sanctions on Venezuela to be dropped. The Trump sanctions in Venezuela in 2017 killed tens of thousands of civilians during the first year, and many more in the years that followed, including under Biden.
As for fentanyl, about 75,000 people died from overdoses of this drug in 2023. But it’s difficult to see how Trump’s tariffs could help solve this problem. It’s a glaring example of how more than four decades of a failed “war on drugs”, based on criminalization of use and supply-side intervention, have made things worse. In this case the drug war has led to an innovation – fentanyl – that is vastly more powerful than heroin, much cheaper to produce, more addictive and easier to transport, distribute and produce.
There is general agreement in the economic research on the effects of Trump’s trade and tariff wars in his first term as president, in which he placed tariffs on about $380bn of US imports. The overall impact on living standards for US workers and most Americans is found to be negative, with the cost of the tariffs being absorbed by US consumers. Employment overall did not increase, and may have fallen due to the negative impact of retaliatory tariffs.
The economic research looking at the expected impacts of tariffs that Trump has talked about going forward also finds the impact on the US economy to be negative. And there is potential for much more damage if other countries respond with more retaliatory tariffs than they did in 2018-2020.
Meanwhile, the productivity of Trump’s tariff offensive in generating distractions remains high. On Sunday he took a shot at the so-called Brics countries – Brazil, Russia, India, China and other economic powers: “We require a commitment from these countries,” Trump wrote on Truth Social, “that they will neither create a new Brics currency nor back any other currency to replace the mighty US dollar or they will face 100% tariffs and should expect to say goodbye to selling into the wonderful US economy.”
None of these things will happen while Trump is in office. Nor will threats like this deter the majority of the world, when it is ready, from replacing a system of global governance that is overwhelmingly run by one country with help from the richest people in other rich countries. Our current system is one in which the “exorbitant privilege” that the dollar-based financial system bestows upon the US government gives the president the power to destroy whole economies with the stroke of a pen.
But this is a longer story; for Trump it’s just another threat and another distraction in the post-truth world that he, as much as anyone, helped create. But he will need more than distractions to take this country further down the road toward de-democratization, which is what brought to him and his party the power that they now have.
Mark Weisbrot is co-director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research. He is the author of Failed: What the “Experts” Got Wrong About the Global Economy
(Source: The Guardian)
New York City Mayor Eric Adams finds himself navigating a labyrinth of challenges in his tenure as leader of the world’s largest cosmopolitan hub. His administration faces criticism from multiple fronts—political opposition, a law-and-order crisis, an unrelenting influx of immigrants, strained city finances, and a visible decline in public services. With New York’s reputation as a global epicenter at stake, Adams must address these pressing issues to restore the city’s grandeur.
One of the foremost challenges facing Mayor Adams is the City Council, a body often seen as resistant to his policies. Dominated by opposing voices, the council has consistently pushed back against Adams’ proposals, whether related to policing, housing, or budgetary measures. This gridlock has hindered swift decision-making, exacerbating the city’s pressing problems. The clash between the executive and legislative branches of city governance underscores the need for greater collaboration and compromise to address New York’s multifaceted crises.
New York City’s law-and-order situation has reached a critical point. Crime rates, particularly violent crimes and property-related offenses have surged. For instance, NYPD statistics from 2023 revealed a 15% increase in felony assaults and a 10% rise in robberies compared to the previous year. This alarming trend has sparked widespread concern among residents and businesses alike.
Frequent changes in the police leadership further reflect the administration’s struggle to find a stable, effective approach to policing. In just two years, the city has seen three different police commissioners. Each change signifies Mayor Adams’ attempt to identify a leader capable of addressing these challenges, but stability and clear strategic direction remain elusive.
The influx of immigrants into New York City has added another layer of complexity. In 2023 alone, the city received over 100,000 migrants, many seeking asylum. This unprecedented wave has overwhelmed shelters, public schools, and healthcare facilities. According to city officials, the crisis could cost New York more than $4 billion by 2024, straining an already tight budget.
Public sentiment toward the situation has also soured. Many New Yorkers view the arrival of migrants as an unwelcome burden, leading to protests and growing divisions within the community. The city’s inability to accommodate the influx effectively has amplified frustrations, making it a political and social powder keg.
New York’s streets and public spaces have seen a noticeable decline in cleanliness and maintenance. Piles of garbage are a common sight along sidewalks, causing not only aesthetic concerns but also public health issues. Mayor Adams’ recent initiative to implement covered garbage bins is a step in the right direction, but more comprehensive measures are needed to address the root causes of the problem.
The city’s infrastructure further exacerbates the situation. Roads riddled with potholes and uneven surfaces make commuting a daily ordeal. For instance, a 2023 survey found that over 60% of New York’s streets were rated in poor condition, with repair backlogs spanning years. The current 25-mile-per-hour speed limit is more a reflection of necessity than policy, as driving at higher speeds on these roads is virtually impossible.
Another area of concern is the near disappearance of greenery in the city. Parks and tree-lined streets, once a hallmark of New York’s urban charm, have given way to concrete expanses. Restoring greenery would not only improve the city’s aesthetic appeal but also provide much-needed environmental and mental health benefits for its residents.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, outdoor dining structures were a lifeline for restaurants and a creative solution to social distancing measures. However, their continued presence in a post-pandemic era has become a source of contention. These structures occupy valuable street space, contributing to traffic congestion and reducing already limited parking availability.
With winter approaching, the utility of these outdoor spaces is further diminished. Mayor Adams has the opportunity to take decisive action by ordering their removal, offering both residents and visitors a more navigable and less cluttered urban experience. Such a move would also symbolize a shift toward normalcy and signal that New York is ready to reclaim its pre-pandemic vibrancy.
Despite these challenges, New York City’s potential for greatness remains undiminished. Mayor Adams must adopt a multi-pronged approach to tackle the city’s issues effectively:
Strengthening Law and Order: Establishing a clear, long-term strategy for crime reduction is paramount. Stability in police leadership, combined with community policing initiatives, could help restore trust and safety.
Managing Immigration: The city must collaborate with state and federal governments to secure additional resources for housing, healthcare, and education for migrants. A transparent and equitable approach can mitigate public backlash.
Improving Cleanliness and Infrastructure: Expanding sanitation services, enforcing stricter waste disposal regulations, and accelerating road repair projects are critical steps. Increasing greenery through tree-planting drives and park restoration could also rejuvenate public spaces.
Addressing Political Gridlock: Mayor Adams must work toward building consensus with the City Council. Open communication and shared priorities can pave the way for more effective governance.
Removing Pandemic-Era Structures: Clearing outdoor dining setups and reclaiming street spaces for traffic and parking can significantly improve the city’s functionality and aesthetics.
New York City is undeniably at a crossroads. The challenges facing Mayor Eric Adams are formidable, but they also present an opportunity for transformative leadership. By addressing the city’s most pressing issues with urgency and vision, Adams can restore New York’s reputation as a global beacon of culture, innovation, and resilience.
A concerted effort to clean up the streets, enhance public safety, and invest in infrastructure can make the city not just livable but exceptional once again. In the words of those who hold New York close to their hearts, “Let’s make New York a great city again.” With the right measures, Mayor Adams has the potential to deliver on that promise.
As we commemorate the 555th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak, the founder and first Master of Sikhism, his life and teachings resonate with an unparalleled relevance in today’s world. Celebrated by nearly 30 million Sikhs across the globe, Guru Nanak’s philosophy transcends religious boundaries, speaking to humanity at large. His message of oneness, equality, humanism, and resistance against tyranny remains as vital today as it was over five centuries ago, especially in a world increasingly divided by intolerance, dogmatism, and extremism.
Guru Nanak (1469–1539) was born in a small village called Talwandi (now Nankana Sahib in Pakistan) at a time of profound social, political, and religious unrest in the Indian subcontinent. Caste oppression, gender inequality, and ritualistic orthodoxy dominated the socio-religious landscape. Against this backdrop, Guru Nanak emerged as a revolutionary thinker and a spiritual guide, calling for a complete transformation of how society viewed humanity and divinity.
At the heart of Guru Nanak’s teachings lies the philosophy of oneness of humanity and the divine. He proclaimed, “There is no Hindu, there is no Muslim,” emphasizing that all human beings are equal in the eyes of God. This radical idea was a challenge to the entrenched divisions of his time, whether they were based on caste, religion, or gender. In a modern world grappling with identity politics and sectarian conflicts, Guru Nanak’s vision of universal brotherhood reminds us of the shared humanity that binds us all.
Guru Nanak’s emphasis on equality was not limited to theory; he practiced and institutionalized it. One of his most enduring contributions was the concept of langar—a community kitchen where people of all backgrounds, regardless of caste, creed, or social status, sit together to share a meal. The act of eating together symbolized equality and broke down societal hierarchies, a tradition that continues in Sikh Gurdwaras around the world. In an era when the gap between the privileged and the marginalized is widening, this principle of shared community and mutual respect offers a profound solution.
Another cornerstone of Guru Nanak’s teachings was his commitment to honest living and social responsibility. He emphasized the dignity of labor and earning a livelihood through ethical means, encapsulated in the principle of kirat karo (earn an honest living). This teaching challenges the modern culture of exploitation, corruption, and material greed, urging us instead to adopt integrity and compassion in all aspects of life.
Guru Nanak was also a fearless advocate for resistance against oppression and tyranny. At a time when power was wielded through fear and exploitation, he spoke truth to authority, denouncing the injustices of both religious and political leaders. His hymns criticize rulers who oppress their subjects and exhort individuals to stand against injustice. His legacy as a voice of resistance continues to inspire movements for justice and human rights in our times.
Central to Guru Nanak’s philosophy is his unshakable belief in humanism and compassion. He taught that spirituality was not about ascetic withdrawal from the world but about actively engaging with it to alleviate suffering and uplift humanity. This call to action aligns with modern calls for social justice, environmental responsibility, and collective well-being.
In a world fractured by extremism, dogmatism, and intolerance, Guru Nanak’s universal message of peace and inclusivity shines like a beacon. He belongs not just to Sikhs, but to all of humanity. His teachings cut across temporal and geographical boundaries, offering solutions to the moral and existential crises we face today. Nanak’s philosophy reminds us that faith is not about division but about uniting in the pursuit of truth, love, and justice. Let us reflect on his timeless wisdom and strive to embody his principles in our lives. His life’s work is not merely a relic of the past but a guiding light for a future where humanity can transcend divisions and live in harmony. Truly, Guru Nanak belongs to all people and to all times—his message universal and eternal.
A Happy 555th Birth Anniversary of Shri Guru Nanak Dev Ji!
In my editorial last week, I argued that Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States, has a unique opportunity to bridge divisions both at home and abroad, carving out a legacy rooted in unity and peace. Today, I see an even brighter prospect for him to achieve these goals. With the Republican Party now in control of both the Senate and the House of Representatives, President Trump enjoys a rare political alignment that allows him to address pressing national issues with efficiency and resolve. Among the most urgent and impactful of these challenges is the fate of approximately 20 million immigrants living in the United States, many of whom remain undocumented.
This issue, fraught with complexity and emotion, offers President Trump a chance to demonstrate statesmanship and compassion. Power, after all, is not merely the ability to enforce policies but also the responsibility to heal wounds and build a more inclusive and harmonious society. In addressing immigration reform, Trump has the opportunity to honor America’s proud tradition as a land of immigrants and leave a legacy that will be remembered not for division, but for unity.
President Trump himself is a descendant of immigrants. His grandfather, Friedrich Trump, emigrated from Germany in the late 19th century, seeking opportunities in the United States. Like millions of others, the Trumps became part of the American fabric, contributing to its growth and prosperity. This shared immigrant heritage should serve as a reminder of the enduring value that immigrants bring to the nation.
President Trump has a rare opportunity to resolve this crisis in a way that unites rather than divides. With Republican control of Congress and the Senate, he has the political capital to craft comprehensive immigration reform that balances security with humanity.
This is not just a political opportunity; it is a moral imperative. History will judge leaders not by the power they wield but by how they use it to uplift others and create a better future. In the words of President Ronald Reagan, often cited by Trump himself: “America is a shining city upon a hill whose beacon light guides freedom-loving people everywhere.” That light shines brightest when America lives up to its ideals of justice, compassion, and opportunity for all.
President Trump has often spoken of his desire to “Make America Great Again.” True greatness lies not in exclusion but in inclusion, not in building walls but in building bridges. By embracing a humane and pragmatic approach to immigration reform, Trump can leave a legacy that transcends partisanship and inspires generations to come.
Trump and Harris offer U.S. voters vastly different choices
With less than two weeks before voting day in the 2024 U.S. election, no clear winner has emerged in the contest between Democrat and incumbent Vice-President Kamala Harris, and Republican and former President Donald Trump, two candidates who could not be more mutually differentiated in terms of values profiles and public personas. Averages of national polls suggest that Ms. Harris has a slender lead of around 1.7%, with close to 48.1% of the results favoring her relative to Mr. Trump’s 46.4%. Similarly, in seven key swing States which could end up having a decisive impact on the outcome of voting in the electoral college, Mr. Trump appears to be enjoying a small lead in Arizona, Georgia and North Carolina, even though that lead has switched back and forth between the two candidates. In Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, Ms. Harris has nosed slightly ahead of Mr. Trump although now the advantage has slipped back to Mr. Trump in Pennsylvania, even if it is less than 1%. In Nevada it appears to be a dead heat, though in each of these swing States the lead is less than 3% — quite likely to lie well within the statistical margin of error. Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin were in the past Blue States, but Mr. Trump flipped them to Republicans in 2016. Incumbent President Joe Biden brought them back to the Democratic camp in 2020, a win that Ms. Harris would need to reprise if she is to emerge the victor.
The candidate that independent and undecided voters pick will determine whether the U.S. continues with a socially and economically progressive agenda under Ms. Harris, or whether a more conservative approach that is aligned to the personality and whims of Mr. Trump and his ad hoc approach to domestic and foreign policy, wins the day. As president, Ms. Harris would oversee a broader role for government in regulating the economy, including by introducing tax cuts for the middle class and continuing the Biden plan for trade tariffs to boost U.S. global competitiveness. She would also champion the effort to protect abortion rights through Congress, advocate for humane policing of the southern border alongside immigration reform and ensure that Washington remains engaged with foreign allies to manage global conflicts. Mr. Trump’s leadership paradigm would see, if he is back, the government hand out corporate tax rate cuts and exempt social security benefits from income tax. He would adopt a hawkish stand on immigration, including by accelerating deportations to possibly unprecedented levels. Global alliances may take a back seat, if it comes to pass. Whichever candidate prevails, on November 5, voters have a unique opportunity to shape the destiny of their country, at least for the next four years.
(The Hindu)
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